[C#] UWP 如何呼叫 WIN32 程式並取得執行結果

前言

當我們在開發UWP時, 有很多情況會需要呼叫WIN32程式做事, 比如說讀取註冊表裡的值,或是使用WMI取得系統或是BIOS資訊等等, 而這些事情光靠UPW是做不到的

以下教學示範如何呼叫WIN32做事並且取得執行結果

首先UWP的部分:

匯入套件Windows Desktop Extensions for the UWP 至UWP專案

Package.appxmanifest

宣告Application Extension

我們必須讓UWP知道我們要呼叫誰並且設為fullTrustProcess
修改Package.appxmanifest

	<Package xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/appx/manifest/foundation/windows10"
	xmlns:mp="http://schemas.microsoft.com/appx/2014/phone/manifest"
	xmlns:uap="http://schemas.microsoft.com/appx/manifest/uap/windows10"
	xmlns:rescap="http://schemas.microsoft.com/appx/manifest/foundation/windows10/restrictedcapabilities"
	xmlns:desktop="http://schemas.microsoft.com/appx/manifest/desktop/windows10"
	xmlns:uap3="http://schemas.microsoft.com/appx/manifest/uap/windows10/3"
	IgnorableNamespaces="uap mp rescap uap3">

view raw uwp_run_win32_appmanifest.xml hosted with ❤ by GitHub

加入WIN32 Extension 到<application>裏頭

	...
	<!--For launch win32-->
	<desktop:Extension Category="windows.fullTrustProcess" Executable="Assets/Win32ConsoleApp.exe">
	<desktop:FullTrustProcess>
	</desktop:FullTrustProcess>
	</desktop:Extension>
	<!--For comunication with win32-->
	<uap:Extension Category="windows.appService">
	<uap:AppService Name="CommunicationService" />
	</uap:Extension>
	</Application>

view raw uwp_run_win32_appmanifest_extension.xml hosted with ❤ by GitHub

修改<Capabilities>

	<Capabilities>
	<Capability Name="internetClient" />
	<rescap:Capability Name="runFullTrust" />
	</Capabilities>

view raw uwp_run_win32_appmanifest_end.xml hosted with ❤ by GitHub

App.xaml.cs

引用以下套件

	using Windows.ApplicationModel;
	using Windows.ApplicationModel.Activation;
	using Windows.ApplicationModel.AppService;
	using Windows.ApplicationModel.Background;

view raw app.xaml.cs hosted with ❤ by GitHub

喚起WIN32程式

修改protected override void OnLaunched(LaunchActivatedEventArgs e)

加入底下程式碼

	/// <summary>
	/// Invoked when the application is launched normally by the end user. Other entry points
	/// will be used such as when the application is launched to open a specific file.
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="e">Details about the launch request and process.</param>
	protected override async void OnLaunched(LaunchActivatedEventArgs e)
	{
	await FullTrustProcessLauncher.LaunchFullTrustProcessForCurrentAppAsync();
	// ...

view raw app.xaml.cs hosted with ❤ by GitHub

初始化App Service

	AppServiceConnection Connection = null;
	BackgroundTaskDeferral appServiceDeferral = null;
	/// <summary>
	/// Override the Application.OnBackgroundActivated method to handle background activation in
	/// the main process. This entry point is used when BackgroundTaskBuilder.TaskEntryPoint is
	/// not set during background task registration.
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="args"></param>
	///
	/// <summary>
	/// Initializes the app service on the host process
	/// </summary>
	protected async override void OnBackgroundActivated(BackgroundActivatedEventArgs args)
	{
	base.OnBackgroundActivated(args);
	if (args.TaskInstance.TriggerDetails is AppServiceTriggerDetails)
	{
	appServiceDeferral = args.TaskInstance.GetDeferral();
	args.TaskInstance.Canceled += OnTaskCanceled; // Associate a cancellation handler with the background task.
	AppServiceTriggerDetails details = args.TaskInstance.TriggerDetails as AppServiceTriggerDetails;
	Connection = details.AppServiceConnection;
	}
	}
	/// <summary>
	/// Associate the cancellation handler with the background task
	/// </summary>
	private void OnTaskCanceled(IBackgroundTaskInstance sender, BackgroundTaskCancellationReason reason)
	{
	if (this.appServiceDeferral != null)
	{
	// Complete the service deferral.
	this.appServiceDeferral.Complete();
	}
	}

view raw app.xaml.cs hosted with ❤ by GitHub

發請求給WIN32程式

這邊我們先建立一個方法, 負責發送請求給win32程式

	private async Task SendRequestToWin32()
	{
	ValueSet request = new ValueSet();
	request.Add("GetBiosSerialnumer", "");
	AppServiceResponse response = null;
	response = await Connection.SendMessageAsync(request);
	string serialNumber = response.Message["serialNumber"] as string;
	var localSettings = Windows.Storage.ApplicationData.Current.LocalSettings;
	localSettings.Values["serialNumber"] = serialNumber;
	}

view raw app.xaml.cs hosted with ❤ by GitHub

修改剛剛複寫的OnBackgroundActivated, 最後去呼叫SendRequestToWin32

	protected async override void OnBackgroundActivated(BackgroundActivatedEventArgs args)
	{
	base.OnBackgroundActivated(args);
	if (args.TaskInstance.TriggerDetails is AppServiceTriggerDetails)
	{
	appServiceDeferral = args.TaskInstance.GetDeferral();
	args.TaskInstance.Canceled += OnTaskCanceled; // Associate a cancellation handler with the background task.
	AppServiceTriggerDetails details = args.TaskInstance.TriggerDetails as AppServiceTriggerDetails;
	Connection = details.AppServiceConnection;
	// Send request to win32
	await SendRequestToWin32();
	}
	}

view raw app.xaml.cs hosted with ❤ by GitHub

WIN32部分

加入套件: 有兩個必要套件必須要加入倒WIN32專案中

1. Windows
(待會會需要使用到Windows.ApplicationModel)
2. System.Runtime.WindowsRuntime
(少這個套件的話 await connection.OpenAsync(); 會報錯)

加完套件後Reference如下

	using Windows.ApplicationModel;
	using Windows.ApplicationModel.AppService; //AppService

view raw Program.cs hosted with ❤ by GitHub

Program.cs

建立App service 連線

	static AppServiceConnection connection = null;
	/// <summary>
	/// Creates the app service connection
	/// </summary>
	static async void ThreadProc()
	{
	Console.WriteLine(DateTime.Now.TimeOfDay.ToString() + "\t(a)ThreadProc Start!!");
	connection = new AppServiceConnection();
	connection.AppServiceName = "CommunicationService";
	connection.PackageFamilyName = Package.Current.Id.FamilyName;
	connection.RequestReceived += Connection_RequestReceived;
	AppServiceConnectionStatus status = await connection.OpenAsync();
	switch (status)
	{
	case AppServiceConnectionStatus.Success:
	Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Green;
	Console.WriteLine("Connection established - waiting for requests");
	Console.WriteLine();
	break;
	case AppServiceConnectionStatus.AppNotInstalled:
	Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
	Console.WriteLine("The app AppServicesProvider is not installed.");
	return;
	case AppServiceConnectionStatus.AppUnavailable:
	Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
	Console.WriteLine("The app AppServicesProvider is not available.");
	return;
	case AppServiceConnectionStatus.AppServiceUnavailable:
	Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
	Console.WriteLine(string.Format("The app AppServicesProvider is installed but it does not provide the app service {0}.", connection.AppServiceName));
	return;
	case AppServiceConnectionStatus.Unknown:
	Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
	Console.WriteLine(string.Format("An unkown error occurred while we were trying to open an AppServiceConnection."));
	return;
	}
	}

view raw Program.cs hosted with ❤ by GitHub

處理UWP的請求

	/// <summary>
	/// Receives message from UWP app and sends a response back
	/// </summary>
	private static void Connection_RequestReceived(AppServiceConnection sender, AppServiceRequestReceivedEventArgs args)
	{
	Console.WriteLine(DateTime.Now.TimeOfDay.ToString() + "\t(b) Get message from UWP!");
	string key = args.Request.Message.First().Key;
	ValueSet valueSet = new ValueSet();
	valueSet.Add("serialNumber", "12345");
	//Send back message to UWP
	args.Request.SendResponseAsync(valueSet).Completed += delegate { };
	Console.WriteLine(DateTime.Now.TimeOfDay.ToString() + "\tMessage to UWP has been sent!!");
	}

view raw Porgram.cs hosted with ❤ by GitHub

完整程式碼

https://github.com/andy51002000/UWP-appservice-communicate-win32.git